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04道德经 中英对照(林语堂)-第章

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  And the edge will not last long。 
  When gold and jade fill your hall; 
  You will not be able to keep them safe。 
  To be proud with wealth and honor 
  Is to sow seeds of one's own downfall。 
  Retire when your work is done; 
  Such is Heaven's way。                    
十章 
  载营魄抱一,能无离乎?专气致柔,能如婴儿乎?修除玄览,能无疵乎?爱民治国,能无智乎?天门开阖,能为雌乎?明白四达,能无知乎?生之、畜之,生而不有,长而不宰。是为玄德。   
  In embracing the One with your soul; 
  Can you never forsake the Tao? 
  In controlling your vital force to achieve gentleness; 
  Can you bee like the new…born child? 
  In cleansing and purifying your Mystic vision; 
  Can you strive after perfection? 
  In loving the people and governing the kingdom; 
  Can you rule without interference? 
  In opening and shutting the Gate of Heaven; 
  Can you play the part of the Female? 
  In prehending all knowledge; 
  Can you renounce the mind? ??         
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????Thirty spokes unite around the nave; 
????From their not…being (loss of their individuality) 
????Arises the utility of the wheel。 
????Mold clay into a vessel; 
????From its not…being (in the vessel's hollow) 
????Arises the utility of the vessel。 
????Cut out doors and windows in the house (…wall); 
????From their not…being (empty space) arises the utility 
????of the house。 
????Therefore by the existence of things we profit。 
????And by the non…existence of things we are served。                    
十二章 
  五色令人目盲;五音令人耳聋;五味令人口爽;驰骋畋猎,令人心发狂;难得之货,令人行妨。是以圣人为腹不为目,故去彼取此。   
  The five colors blind the eyes of man; 
  The five musical notes deafen the ears of man; 
  The five flavors dull the taste of man; 
  Horse…racing; hunting and chasing madden the minds of man; 
  Rare; valuable goods keep their owners awake at night。   
  Therefore the Sage: 
  Provides for the belly and not the eye。 
  Hence; he rejects the one and accepts the other。                    
十三章 
  宠辱若惊,贵大患若身。何谓宠辱若惊?宠为下,得之若惊,失之若惊,是谓宠辱若惊。何谓贵大患若身?吾所以有大患者,为吾有身,及吾无身,吾有何患?故贵以身为天下,若可寄天下;爱以身为天下,若可托天下。   
  〃Favor and disgrace cause one dismay; 
  What we value and what we fear are within our Self。〃   
  What does this mean: 
  〃Favor and disgrace cause one dismay?〃 
  Those who receive a favor from above 
  Are dismayed when they receive it; 
  And dismayed when they lose it。   
  What does this mean: 
  〃What we value and what we fear are within our Self?〃 
  We have fears because we have a self。 
  When we do not regard that self as self; 
  What have we to fear?   
  Therefore he who values the world as his self 
  May then be entrusted with the government of the world; 
  And he who loves the world as his self … 
  The world may then be entrusted to his care。                    
十四章 
  视之不见,名曰微;听之不闻,名曰希;搏之不得,名曰夷。此三者,不可致诘,故混而为一。其上不皎,其下不昧,绳绳兮不可名,复归于物。是谓无状之状,无物之象,是谓惚恍。迎之不见其首,随之不见其后。执古之道,以御今之有。能知古始,是谓道纪。   
  Looked at; but cannot be seen … 
  That is called the Invisible (yi)。 
  Listened to; but cannot be heard … 
  That is called the Inaudible (hsi)。 
  Grasped at; but cannot be touched … 
  That is called the Intangible (wei)。 
  These three elude our inquiries 
  And hence blend and bee One。   
  Not by its rising; is there light; 
  Nor by its sinking; is there darkness。 
  Unceasing; continuous; 
  It cannot be defined; 
  And reverts again to the realm of nothingness。   
  That is why it is called the Form of the Formless; 
  The Image of Nothingness。 
  That is why it is called the Elusive: 
  Meet it and you do not see its face; 
  Follow it and you do not see its back。                    
十五章 
  古之善为道者,微妙玄通,深不可识。夫唯不可识,故强为之容:豫兮,若冬涉川;犹兮,若畏四邻;俨兮,其若客;涣兮,其若凌释;敦兮,其若朴;旷兮,其若谷;混兮,其若浊。孰能浊以止?静之徐清。孰能安以久?动之徐生。保此道者,不欲盈。夫唯不盈,故能蔽而新成。   
  The wise ones of old had subtle wisdom and depth of understanding; 
  So profound that they could not be understood。 
  And because they could not be understood; 
  Perforce must they be so described: 
  Cautious; like crossing a wintry stream; 
  Irresolute; like one fearing danger all around; 
  Grave; like one acting as guest; 
  Self…effacing; like ice beginning to melt; 
  Genuine; like a piece of undressed wood; 
  Open…minded; like a valley; 
  And mixing freely; like murky water。   
  Who can find repose in a muddy world? 
  By lying still; it bees clear。 
  Who can maintain his calm for long? 
  By activity; it es back to life。   
  He who embraces this Tao 
  Guards against being over…full。 
  Because he guards against being over…full; 
  He is beyond wearing out and renewal。                    
十六章 
  致虚极,守静笃。万物并作,吾以观复。夫物芸芸,各复归其根。归根曰静,静曰复命。复命曰常,知常曰明。不知常,妄作,凶。知常容,容乃公,公乃王,王乃天,天乃道,道乃久,殁身不殆。   
  Attain the utmost in Passivity; 
  Hold firm to the basis of Quietude。   
  The myriad things take shape and rise to activity; 
  But I watch them fall back to their repose。 
  Like vegetation that luxuriantly grows 
  But returns to the root (soil) from which it springs。   
  To return to the root is Repose; 
  It is called going back to one's Destiny。 
  Going back to one's Destiny is to find the Eternal Law。 
  To know the Eternal Law is Enlightenment。 
  And not to know the Eternal Law 
  Is to court disaster。   
  He who knows the Eternal Law is tolerant; 
  Being tolerant; 
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