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the+critique+of+pure+reason_纯粹理性批判-第章

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Aristotle; to search for these fundamental conceptions。 Destitute;
however; of any guiding principle; he picked them up just as they
occurred to him; and at first hunted out ten; which he called
categories (predicaments)。 Afterwards be believed that he had
discovered five others; which were added under the name of post
predicaments。 But his catalogue still remained defective。 Besides;
there are to be found among them some of the modes of pure sensibility
(quando; ubi; situs; also prius; simul); and likewise an empirical
conception (motus)… which can by no means belong to this
genealogical register of the pure understanding。 Moreover; there are
deduced conceptions (actio; passio) enumerated among the original
conceptions; and; of the latter; some are entirely wanting。
  With regard to these; it is to be remarked; that the categories;
as the true primitive conceptions of the pure understanding; have also
their pure deduced conceptions; which; in a plete system of
transcendental philosophy; must by no means be passed over; though
in a merely critical essay we must be contented with the simple
mention of the fact。
  Let it be allowed me to call these pure; but deduced conceptions
of the understanding; the predicables of the pure understanding; in
contradistinction to predicaments。 If we are in possession of the
original and primitive; the deduced and subsidiary conceptions can
easily be added; and the genealogical tree of the understanding
pletely delineated。 As my present aim is not to set forth a
plete system; but merely the principles of one; I reserve this task
for another time。 It may be easily executed by any one who will
refer to the ontological manuals; and subordinate to the category of
causality; for example; the predicables of force; action; passion;
to that of munity; those of presence and resistance; to the
categories of modality; those of origination; extinction; change;
and so with the rest。 The categories bined with the modes of pure
sensibility; or with one another; afford a great number of deduced a
priori conceptions; a plete enumeration of which would be a
useful and not unpleasant; but in this place a perfectly
dispensable; occupation。
  I purposely omit the definitions of the categories in this treatise。
I shall analyse these conceptions only so far as is necessary for
the doctrine of method; which is to form a part of this critique。 In a
system of pure reason; definitions of them would be with justice
demanded of me; but to give them here would only bide from our view
the main aim of our investigation; at the same time raising doubts and
objections; the consideration of which; without injustice to our
main purpose; may be very well postponed till another opportunity。
Meanwhile; it ought to be sufficiently clear; from the little we
have already said on this subject; that the formation of a plete
vocabulary of pure conceptions; acpanied by all the requisite
explanations; is not only a possible; but an easy undertaking。 The
partments already exist; it is only necessary to fill them up;
and a systematic topic like the present; indicates with perfect
precision the proper place to which each conception belongs; while
it readily points out any that have not yet been filled up。

                           SS 7

  Our table of the categories suggests considerations of some
importance; which may perhaps have significant results in regard to
the scientific form of all rational cognitions。 For; that this table
is useful in the theoretical part of philosophy; nay; indispensable
for the sketching of the plete plan of a science; so far as that
science rests upon conceptions a priori; and for dividing it
mathematically; according to fixed principles; is most manifest from
the fact that it contains all the elementary conceptions of the
understanding; nay; even the form of a system of these in the
understanding itself; and consequently indicates all the momenta;
and also the internal arrangement of a projected speculative
science; as I have elsewhere shown。* Here follow some of these
observations。

  *In the Metaphysical Principles of Natural Science。

  I。 This table; which contains four classes of conceptions of the
understanding; may; in the first instance; be divided into two
classes; the first of which relates to objects of intuition… pure as
well as empirical; the second; to the existence of these objects;
either in relation to one another; or to the understanding。
  The former of these classes of categories I would entitle the
mathematical; and the latter the dynamical categories。 The former;
as we see; has no correlates; these are only to be found in the second
class。 This difference must have a ground in the nature of the human
understanding。
  II。 The number of the categories in each class is always the same;
namely; three… a fact which also demands some consideration; because
in all other cases division a priori through conceptions is
necessarily dichotomy。 It is to be added; that the third category in
each triad always arises from the bination of the second with the
first。
  Thus totality is nothing else but plurality contemplated as unity;
limitation is merely reality conjoined with negation; munity is the
causality of a substance; reciprocally determining; and determined
by other substances; and finally; necessity is nothing but
existence; which is given through the possibility itself。 Let it not
be supposed; however; that the third category is merely a deduced; and
not a primitive conception of the pure understanding。 For the
conjunction of the first and second; in order to produce the third
conception; requires a particular function of the understanding; which
is by no means identical with those which are exercised in the first
and second。 Thus; the conception of a number (which belongs to the
category of totality) is not always possible; where the conceptions of
multitude and unity exist (for example; in the representation of the
infinite)。 Or; if I conjoin the conception of a cause with that of a
substance; it does not follow that the conception of influence; that
is; how one substance can be the cause of som
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